Transformer and like coils.



Patented Feb. 12, 1918.

-2 SHEFFS-SHEET I.

C H. THORDARSON.

TRANSFORMER ANDLIKE COILS.

APPLICATION FILED D50. 8. 1913 RENEWED JULY 23,1917. 1,255,947;

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(7 6355 @MZQA/ lutentqd Feb. 12, 1918.

2 SHEETS-SHEET 2.

.c. H. THORDAHSON.

TRANSFORMER AND LIKE COILS.

APPLICATION FILED DEC. 8. I913. RENEWED JULY 23. I917.

eachother and to t untran- STATES PATENT orrrcn.

CHESTER nzrno nnanson, or onrcaoo, r'ttmors.

rmmsronmnn nnn LIKE: cons Specification of Letters Patent. Patented 'Feb lz, 1918 Application filed December 8, 1913, Serial No'. 805,252. Renewed July 23, 1917. Serial No. '1 82,35 8.

had to the accompanying drawings, and to the characters of reference marked thereon, which form a part'of this specification.

This invention relates to coil structures for transformers and like uses. The invention has for its object to provide means for maintaining the elements of the coil structure in proper position with relation to between the elements.

' vices the magnetic flux of the primary circuit exerts a mechanical pressure on the closed secondary windings that has an effect of not only pushing the secondary windings away from the rimary but also in spread- ,ing apart the d1iferent turns of the second- 'ary, and the magnetic flux of the primary circuit sets up with every wave a pulsation or mechanical strain in ever turnof its own circuit and similarly in secondar All the electrical conductors in the trans ormer, both the primary and the secondary, while in operation are under a continuous vibratory strain. This has a tendency to loosen the insulation and, especially when the insulation becomes hot, it has a tendency to makeit yield.-

If a lateral spring pressure is applied on the whole mass of conductors it has the effect of compressing and resetting all conductors in a closer and more stable positionv and, at the same time, preventing any solid insulation from yielding, crumbling or e insulation interposed sections suitably connected,.

wearing away. I'n any-event, the repeated displacement of thecoil elements and insulation has the effect to breakdown or im-, pair the efficiency of the insulation between said elements and thereby render the coil subject to short circuits.

In accordance with my invention I propose to provide means for exerting a constant resetting pressure against thev coil elements which operates, after the sepa rating pressure referredto has subsided, to at once restore the elements to theirunor+ mal or original positions. The said resetting means are yielding means and may consist of springs interposed between the coil elements and fixed parts of the frame supporting or surrounding the coil structure.

y improvements are more particularly adapted to the type of winding structureillustrated in my co-pending application for U. S. Letters Patent, Serial No. 776,521 filed on the 30th day of June,'1913, and applied,

as herein shown, to the secondary or high tension winding, wherein the winding con sists of a plurality of winding units, each composed of a flat spirally wound wire with the turns suitably insulated, and with the several units, suitably connected together. Said improvements are especially'adapted to this type of Winding, inasmuch as the resetting pressure maybe applied to the winding in directions which do not tend to crush the winding structure,and which does not disarrange the turns-relatively to each other. i

In the drawings lFigure 1 is a central vertical section, on

the line 1 1 of Fig. 2, of a transformer provided with my improvements.

'Fig. 2 is a plan view'of a transformer, with parts broken away. Fig. 3, is a transverse section on the line 53 of Fig. 2.

Fig. 4 is a horizontal section, on a smaller scale, showing also the-casing inclosing the transformer elements, and also showing an additional arrangement of the resetting means. i

As sliown in the drawings, 10 designates the corev member, 11, 12 the top and bottom members and 13 theend members of the magnetic circuit of a shell type transformer to which my invention is herein shown as,

applied, though not limited thereto. The said magnetic circuit is composed of thin laminae clamped or confined together in aid bolts being screw.

eerie lan pin e or, as indi a ed in Fig. l. The sai agnetic circuit may "be divided into sections, se arated by aces 18 for the pass of a cooling medium wiereby to ventilate the core.

The said circuit is provided with the usual windows 20, on opposite sides of tile central core member 10, through which 2c the sides or legs of the primary and secondar vindings, designated as a whole by 22,23 pcctively, extend. The said primary mding may be of any suitable type and is separated from the core member by an insu or sleeve 25,

winding i were 2 5. ondary w 'ng, as herein shown, of a plurality of independently 28, each coin} used of a flat insulated .3 j" wounc condu strip or wire wound spirally about axis oi the section to produce disk-like sections such, for in a cresaid colend- .ttcrs' Patent. *ctions are produced by ;lat wire the required number betwe n :eot, the insulating me- .nged as to expose the bare ec. i turn of each winding section. I the type of transformer herein shown the secondary coil surrounds the pri mary coil but the coils may be otherwise aranged in inductive relation to each other. The said Winding sections may be connected together "ther in se ies or in multiple, and it h been a t fJ to show actions, nor the terminals leading from the ransformer, such'connections and terminals being of any arrangement suitable to the particular type of transformer to which the invention may be applied.

Referring now more particularly to the application of my invention to the type of transformer herein described, it will be,

noted, first, that the resetting means referred to are applied to maintain a constant and yielding pressure against the winding sections in a manner to hold them grouped or compact, as best shown in Figs. 1, 2 and 3, and also to hold the turns of the windings oi the several sections in like manner pressed one upon the other, as exemplified in Fig. l.

65 Referring to the construction shown in and the turns 'eoil structure are sprn u an insulating medium Figs. 1, 2 and 3, it will be seen that the several sections of the secondary winding are separated by insulating pieces or blocks 30. These bloclts are p erably elongated and extend across the des or l of the sections so to const lute bracing pieces. The bracing function especially useful when employed with winding sections made up as herein shown, inasmuch as a localized pressure on the sides of the sections ac ing against an area less than the width oi the legs thereof would fed to relative displacement of the turns and a consequent deliorniation oi the sections Said blocks also serve to incidentally divide the spaces between the sections into a plurality of lateral passages for the traverse of a cooling medium by which to ventilate the coil.

The coil sections with their interposed insulations are pressed together between upper and lowe' abutments carried bythe frame. The abutments at one side of the coil struc tare may be fixed and at the other side spring pressed and adj "table. A herein shown, the abutments at both sides of the rprcssed and adjustable. They consist oil. pins or posts 33, which engage the upper and bottom-most insulating strips or blocks 30, the posts 35 being associated with the sides or legs of the winding sections at the sides of the magnetic circuit, and the posts 236 being assoeiated with the legs of the winding sections which extend through the magnetic circuit; The said posts 36, as herein shown,'are re duced and extend tln ugh the, rentilatii spaces 18 of the magn-c ic circuit for engage ment with the insulating blocks 30.

The posts 35, associated with the legs or sides of the winding sections the lateral sides of the ma gnctic circuit are arranged in pairs, and the posts of each pair are borne upon ly the ends of a curved spring arranged between the posts and the lateral flange 16 or" the ad'acent clam )ine' ilate 1-el-.

in order to adjust the force of said .springs they are borne upon at their outer curved portions by adjusting screws do which 0:;- tend through and have screw-threaded engagement with the flanges 16. The posts A l are likewise arranged in pairs and bear against the ends oi curved springs it which latter, in turn, bear at their central curved portions against adjusting screws 42 that pass through and have screw-threaded engagement with U-shaped members 43, 4 3 of coil frames that extend transversely across the ends of the magnetic circuit and are attached to the flanges 16 by bolts 'The employment of the adjusting screws l0 and 42 permits the pressure excited by the springs, through said posts, against the winding sections to be varied.

Vfith the construction described, the enortion of a separating pressure, tending to separate or spread the sections of the coil when current is flowing therethrough, is yieldingly opposed by the springs. When the separating pressure ceases the springs will return or reset the coil sections to their original positions relatively to each other and to the insulation, whereby efficiency of the coil is not impaired.

In Fig. 4, I have shown, in addition to the resetting features of the previously deinsulating material. These springs act with a yielding pressure against the strips 52, which in turn act against the turns of the winding from all directions. These springs yield to slight separation of the winding when a heavy current is passing through the same, and-reset the turns or return them to their original positions when the separating pressure ceases. The said springs may also be provided with the adjusting means illustrated in the previously described construction for adjustably varying the pressure of the springs against the coil elements.

The arrangement of the spacer members 30 in the relation, as shown, between and againstthe sides of the coils is particularly advantageous with respect to the yielding or spring-like connection between the fixed parts of the t ansformer structure and the winding sectioils, inasmuch as said arrangement provides means for bracing the winding sections and holding them with their turns in proper relation. It will be noted that the winding sections are not supported by taping as is usual in transformer constructions and the particular arrangement of the yieldingly held spacer members and.

the winding sections is such as to render taping or other means of bracing the winding sections unnecessary.

From the foreg ng disclosure it will be evident that my 11 provements may assume wide variation within the spirit and scope of the invention,'and the invention is not limited to the structural details shown except as hereinafter made the subject of specilic claims.

t will. be noted that the resetting ure as applied to all the constructions sh m in all the figures operates to a oid crushing pressure against the windii rns spring in a manner to disarrange the turns relatively to each other and to the insulation.

In the construction shown in Figs. 1, 2 and 3 the resetting pressure is exerted edgewise of the turns of the flat wire, while in the construction shown in Fig. 4 the resetting pressure is exerted in a direction transverse to the planes of the turns of the flat wire. Thus, the resetting pressure does not tend to crush the turns of the winding in a manner to disarrange the relation of the turns to each ther and to the insulation between the same and between the winding and the magnetic circuit. However, it will be noted, with respect to the construction shown in Figs. 1, 2 and 3 that the insulating strips 30, through which the resetting pressure is exerted on the winding units constitutes means for directing a cooling medium to the bare edges of the turns of the winding units, so

that said strips serve as a means for trans mitting the resetting pressure, to brace the winding units, and'to direct a cooling me dium, as oil, across the faces of said units.

I claim as my invention 1. In a transformer, a core member, a frame associated therewith, the primary and secondary winding sections arranged in inductive relation to each other and to the core member, the secondary winding being composed .of a plurality of disk-like sections each made of a spirally wound flat wire with the turns insulated from each other, spacing members between said sections and yielding means interposed between the frame and the group of secondary winding sections constructed to exert a constant yielding pressure against said sections in edgewise relation' to said turns and in a plane transverse to the planes of the sections.

2. In a transformer, a core member, a frame associated therewith, the primary'and secondary winding sections arranged in inductive relation to each other and to the core member, the secondary winding being composed of a plurality of disk-like sections each made of a spirally wound flat wire with the turns insulated from each other, narrow spacing members extending across the iiat faces of the dislolike winding sections and transversely of the edges of the turns, said spacing members being arranged in groups with the members of each group in line with each other and yielding pressure means in terposed between the frame and the outermost spacing members oi each group.

3., In a transformer, a core member, a frame associated therewith, the primary and "secondary winding sections arranged in in ductlve relation to each other and to the "core member, the secondary winding being composed of a plurality of dislolilre sect each made of a spirally wound fiat wire the turns insulated from each othe'" tively narrow spacing members teaser-2a? across the flat faces of the disk-like winding sections and transversely of the edges of the turns, said spacing members being arranged in groups with the members of each group in line with each other and yielding pressure means interposed between the frame and the outermost spacing members of each group, and acting against the edges of said turns and transversely to the plane of the sections. said spacing members being spaced from each other to afford ventilating passages radially through the secondary winding.

-l-. In an electromagnetic device, a winding composed of a plurality of connected disk-like or slab units, each consisting of a spirally wound fiat wire, insulated between the turns thereof, and yielding resetting means acting edgewise against said turns and transversely to the planes of the" units. 7'

5. In an electro-magne'tic device, a Winding composed of a plurality of connected disk-like or slab units, each consisting of a spirally wound flat wire, insulated between the turns thereof, yielding resetting means acting edgewise against said turns and other resetting means acting flatwise against said flat wire turns.

6. ln'an electromagnetic device, a winding composed of a plurality of connected disk-like or slab units, each consisting of a spirally wound flat wire, insulated between the turns thereof, and yielding resetting means acting against said turns in a direction to avoid crushing said turns to disar range them relatively to each other and to the insulation between the same.

7. In an electro-magnetic device, a winding composed of a plurality of connected disk-like or slab units, each consisting of a spirally wound fiat wire, the turns of which are disposed parallel to the axes of the units, insulated between the turns thereof, and yielding resetting means acting fiatwise against said flatiivireturns.

In testimony, that I claim the foregoing as my invention I afiix my signature in the presence of two witnesses, this 3rd day of December, A. D; 1913.

CHESTER H. THORDARSON.

lVitnesses 2 V. L. HALL,

G. E. Downs. 

